
Hard Disk Upgrade Mini How-To

Yves Bellefeuille

yan@storm.ca

Konrad Hinsen

hinsen@cnrs-orleans.fr

{ / 

nagaoka@jttk.zaq.ne.jp

v2.11, 13 April 2000

Linux VXe 1 ̃n[hfBXNɃRs[@



Table of Contents
1. ͂߂
2. n[hfBXÑVXeւ̐ڑ
3. non-Linux p[eBVƃlbg[NhCũA}Eg
4. V HD ̃p[eBV
5. V HD ̃tH[}bg
6. V HD ̃}Eg
7.  HD V HD ւ̃t@C̃Rs[
8. /new-disk/etc/fstab ̏C
9. V HD N LILO ̏
10. u[gfBXN̍쐬(IvV)
11.  HD ̎O
12. VXe̍ċN LILO ݒt@C̏C
13. ӎ
14. {ɂ

1. ͂߂

̕ł Linux VXe LILO ƈꏏɂ肻̂܂܃n[hfBX
Nn[hfBXNֈڐA@ɂĐ܂B

ȉ̐ł /dev/hda (1 ڂ IDE n[hfBXN) ͌ HD A /dev
/hdb (2 ڂ IDE n[hfBXN) ͐V HD ƌĂԂƂɂ܂B

 HD ̌X̃p[eBV /dev/hda1A/dev/hda2 Ȃǂ̖OŎQ
܂BV HD ̂ /dev/hdb1A /dev/hdb2 ȂǂƂȂ܂B

ł Red Hat 6.0 ɊÂĘbi߂܂ Debian 2.1A Slackware
3.5 ASuSE 6.2 łmFĂ܂BRed Hat 6.0 Ƃ̃fBXg
r[VƂ̑_͒߂ƂĕtĂ܂B

R}h܂͂炩ȂfBXgr[V΋Ă
B


2. n[hfBXÑVXeւ̐ڑ

ŋ߂̃VXeł̓n[hfBXNRg[ EIDE foCX 4 ܂
ڑł܂B瑼 EIDE foCXĂn[hfBXN
2 ڑ̂͂Ȃɂ͂Ȃł傤Bn[hfBXN CD-ROM h
Cu\I EIDE foCXłBtbs[hCuƃe[vhCu
Ăn[hfBXNRg[ł͂Ȃătbs[hCuRg
[ɐڑĂ܂B

SCSI A_v^͂ɂƂ肪 7 ܂Őڑł܂B^ǂ(
) SCSI A_v^ĂȂ炱̂Ƃ͎m̂Ƃł傤
ɂǂSCSI foCXڑĂ邩̂͂łBł
ڂm肽Ƃ SCSI How-To QƂĂB

̃VXẽn[hfBXNRg[ɂ̓foCX 2 䂵ڑ
܂񂪂łn[hfBXNȂ 2 䓯ɐڑł킯łB
n[hfBXNɉĂƂ CD-ROM hCuڑĂΌ
HD ƐV HD 𓯎ɐڑ邽߂ɂ CD-ROM hCuO˂΂
ȂƌƂɂȂ܂B

n[hfBXNɂĂ̓WpXCb`𑀍삵ă}X^[ƃX[u
ݒKv܂Bݒ@͂Ăn[hfBXNɏĂ
܂ɂȂ΃}jA邩[J[ɖ₢킹ĂB

 BIOS ɓăn[hfBXNFWIgݒ肵܂B
BIOS ݒvOɓɂ̓VXe̗グ̎ɓ̃L[܂
Bȉ BIOS ݒvOɓ@܂ -

Acer notebooks
    N̎Ȑff (Power-On Self-Test:POST)  F2 L[B
   
American Megatrends (AMI)
    POST  Del L[B
   
Award
    DelA܂ Ctrl-Alt-Esc
   
Compaq
    NĉʉEɎlp`oĂ F10 L[B
   
Dell
    Ctrl-Alt-Enter
   
DTK
    POST  Esc L[
   
Hewlett-Packard Pavilion
    HP ̃u[̃XvbVʂ\ F1 L[B
   
IBM Aptiva 535
    NĉʉEɎlp`Ɣg\ĂƂ F1 L[
    B [1]
   
IBM PS/2
    Ctrl-Alt-Del ĉʉEɃJ[\oĂ Ctrl-Alt-Ins 
    B
   
Mr. BIOS
    POST  Ctrl-Alt-S L[
   
Packard Bell
    2A3 ̃fł POST  F1 L[܂ F2 L[B
   
Phoenix
    Ctrl-Alt-EscA Ctrl-Alt-S ܂ Ctrl-Alt-Enter
   
    ̃VXȇ̓CXg[fBXNt@XfBXN
    v܂B
   

ȊOɂtǂƎv BIOS ΘAĂ
B

VXeu[g root ŃOC܂Bsu R}h root ɂȂ
Ƃ su - ̂悤ɃnCt̃IvV܂B


3. non-Linux p[eBVƃlbg[NhCũA}Eg

Linux Ŏg悤ɑ̃Iy[eBOVXe(DOSAWindowsAOS/2 
) ̃p[eBV}EgĂꍇ܂B̃p[eB
V͂ꂼ̃Iy[eBOVXeō쐬ăRs[Ȃ΂
܂̂ Linux Rs[OɃA}Eg܂BƂ DOS 
p[eBV /dos Ƀ}EgĂȂ̃R}hŃA}E
gĂ -
umount /dos                                                            

̃R}ĥÂ umount  unmount ƂP 1 ڂ n Ȃ
ƂɒӂĂB

lɃlbg[NhCuA}Eg܂B


4. V HD ̃p[eBV

V HD ̃p[eBV쐬ɂ͎̃R}hg܂ -
fdisk /dev/hdb                                                         

EIDE foCX /dev fBNg̉ŊeX hdaA hdbA hdcA hdd Ƃ
ĔF܂Ben[hfBXNɂ 1  16 ͈̔͂Ńp[eBV
uƂł܂B /dev/hda4 Ƃƃn[hfBXN a (܂ 1
ڂEIDE n[hfBXN)́A4 ڂ̃p[eBVw܂B

SCSI foCX /dev̉ŊeX sdaA sdbA sdcA sddA sdeA sdfA sdg
ƂĔF܂Ben[hfBXNɂ͓ 1  16 ͈̔͂Ńp
[eBVuƂł܂B /dev/sda3Ƃ 1 ڂ SCSI n[hf
BXŃA3 ڂ̃p[eBVӖ܂B

Linux t@CVXe ext2 ̃p[eBV ID  83AXbvp[eB
V ID  82 ɂ܂B

p[eBV̍쐬ɂĂ Installation How-To  Partition Mini
How-To QƂĂB

V HD ̃V_[ 1024 𒴂Ƃ Large Disk Mini How-To
QƂĂBv Linux ̋NɕKvȃt@C̓n[hfBX
ÑV_[ 1024 ȓ̏ꏊɃCXg[ĂȂ΂Ȃ
B1 ̕@Ƃăn[hfBXN̍ŏ̕5Mb̏ȃp
[eBV /boot fBNguƂ̂܂B
(Slackware ł̓J[l /boot/vmlinuz ł͂Ȃ /vmlinuz ƂĒu
 /  /boot ̗̃p[eBVɍ܂B)

Linux ȊÕVXẽp[eBV Linux  fdisk łȂꎩg
fdisk Ɠ@\̃R}hgč쐬܂B


5. V HD ̃tH[}bg

V HD  Linux p[eBV ext2 t@CVXeŃtH[}bg
ɂ͎̃R}hg܂ -
mkfs.ext2 /dev/hdb1                                                    

n[hfBXNُ̈ubN(IȔj)`FbNɂ -c IvV
 /dev/hdb1 ̑Oɕt܂B

V HD  1 ȏ Linux p[eBV̂Ȃ瑼̃p[eBV
̃R}h mkfs.ext2 /dev/hdb2A mkfs.ext2 /dev/hdb3 ̂悤
tH[}bg܂BKvȂ -c IvVtĂB
   
   
    Note: Red HatADebianASlackware ̌ÂfBXgr[Vł̓}
    jAɏĂɂ炸 mkfs -t ext2 -c /dev/hdb1 Ƃ
    ُubN`FbN܂łB͂܂ł͒Ă܂
    B

Xbvp[eBṼtH[}bgɂ͎̃R}hg܂ -
mkswap /dev/hdb1                                                       

ُubN`FbN -c IvV /dev/hdb1 ̑OɒuĎg
B


6. V HD ̃}Eg

V HD }EgfBNgƂ /new-disk 肻Ƀ}E
g܂B
mkdir /new-disk                                                        
mount -t ext2 /dev/hdb1 /new-disk                                      

V HD  Linux p[eBV 1 ȏɂȂȂ̂̂̂
\ɂȂ悤 /new-disk Ƀ}Eg܂B

. V HD  4  Linux p[eBV̂悤ɐݒ肷̂
܂ -
/dev/hdb1:    /                                                        
/dev/hdb2:    /home                                                    
/dev/hdb3:    /var                                                     
/dev/hdb4:    /var/spool                                               

4 ̃p[eBV /new-disk ̉Ɏ̂悤Ƀ}Eg܂ -
/dev/hdb1:    /new-disk                                                
/dev/hdb2:    /new-disk/home                                           
/dev/hdb3:    /new-disk/var                                            
/dev/hdb4:    /new-disk/var/spool                                      

p[eBV}EgOɊeX̊KwƂɃ}Eg|Cg
܂B

.
mkdir /new-disk                         [1 ڂ̊Kw]                 
mount -t ext2 /dev/hdb1 /new-disk                                      
                                                                       
mkdir /new-disk/home                    [2 ڂ̊Kw]                 
mount -t ext2 /dev/hdb2 /new-disk/home                                 
                                                                       
mkdir /new-disk/var                     [2 ڂ̊Kw]                 
mount -t ext2 /dev/hdb3 /new-disk/var                                  
                                                                       
mkdir /new-disk/var/spool               [3 ڂ̊Kw]                 
mount -t ext2 /dev/hdb4 /new-disk/var/spool                            

/new-disk/tmp }Eg|CgƂƂ͂̃fBNgɂł
ANZXł悤Ƀp[~bV̂悤ɒ܂ -
chmod 1777 /new-disk/tmp                                               


7.  HD V HD ւ̃t@C̃Rs[

n[hfBXNRs[鎞̓VO[U[[hōs܂B
VXef[Vbg_EȌԂۂ̃[U[̃OC
h߂ł -
/sbin/telinit 1                                                        

fBNgƃt@CɃNׂ̂ĂRs[܂B

 /new-disk Rs[Kv͂܂BgRs[邱
ɂȂ邩łB

ɐV HD  /proc fBNg܂eRs[Kv
܂ -  1 ̃o[`t@CVXeŎۂɂ̓t@C
͂܂񂪉ғ̃VXẽvZX𔽉fĂ܂B

 HD V HD ɃRs[@ 3 ܂Bn[hfBXN
胁肷΂Ȃ莞Ԃ܂BRs[x
 1  10 Mb 炢ł傤B

Rs[̐is󋵂͂ق̃^[~i df R}hgĕ܂B
watch df  watch ls -l /new-disk g 2 bɍXVꂽԂ
Ƃł܂ - \𒆎~Ƃ Ctrl-C ܂B watch R
}hgƃRs[̑xxȂ܂B

cp -ax / /new-disk
    ꂪ 1 ԊȒPȕ@ł Linux VXẽp[eBV 1
    ̎LłB
   
    Ȃׂ̃t@C\Ƒۂ -a IvVg܂B
    -x ͒P̃t@CVXeRs[邽߂Ɏg܂ -  /
    new-disk  /proc Rs[Ȃ߂ɗv܂B
   
    SuSE ̏ꍇ. ̕@ɌV HD  /dev/pts ̃R}hg
    čĂKv܂B mkdir /new-disk/dev/pts
       
        Note: cp R}h̍ŋ߂̃o[Wł -x IvVt
        /new-disk/new-disk  /new-disk/proc ł܂BfBNg
        g͂܂B 2 ł /new-disk/new-disk 
         /new-disk/proc cĂ܂B
   
cd / && echo cp -a `/bin/ls -1Ab | egrep -v "^new-disk$|^proc$"` /
    new-disk | sh
    ( 1 sŋLqĂ)
   
    ̃R}h͂܂[gfBNgɓ莟 /new-disk  /proc
    ׂẴt@CƃfBNg /new-disk ɃRs[܂B
    ls ̌̍ŏ̃IvV̓At@xbg L ł͂Ȃ 1 
    B
   
    ̃R}h͂ǂȂƂłԂLłB
   
cp -a /bin /boot /dev /etc /home /lib /lost+found /mnt /root /sbin /tmp
    /usr /var /new-disk
    ( 1 sŋLqĂ)
   
    1 Ԍ̃fBNg /new-disk  cp R}h̃Rs[ł̑
    fBNg̓Rs[łB܂񋓂ׂẴfBNg /
    new-disk ɃRs[邱ƂɂȂ܂B
   
    ̕@ł̓Rs[Kv̂fBNgŒPɃXgAb
    v邾łBł /new-disk  /proc ĂׂẴfB
    NgXgAbvĂ܂BȂ炩̗Rłق̕@g
    Ƃ͂̃R}hgă}jAŃRs[fBNg
    w肵܂
   
    ̕@̏ꍇ[gfBNggɂȂɂt@CƂ͎
    ̃R}hgăRs[܂B Debian  Slackware ł̓[g
    fBNgɃt@Cûł̕Kv܂ -
    cp -dp /* /.* /new-disk                                     
   

 Mini How-To ̈ȑÕo[Wł̓n[hfBXNRs[̂
tar R}hgƏ܂̕@ɂ̓oO܂B̑
R낢ȕ@܂ 3 łȒPőĊmłB

3 ̕@̂ǂꂩŃRs[V HD  /proc fBNg
΍쐬܂ -
mkdir /new-disk/proc                                                   

ŕKvȂV HD ̃t@C\肵܂ -
umount /new-disk                                                       
fsck.ext2 -f /dev/hdb1                                                 
mount -t ext2 /dev/hdb1 /new-disk                                      

V HD  1 ȏ̃p[eBVȂ fsck.ext2 𑖂点
Oɉ̊KwA}Eg܂ - Oɏqׂł͂܂ 3 wڂ̃p
[eBVA}EgĂ 2 w 1 wڂƑ܂B

t@CԈႢȂRs[ꂽǂm߂邽2̃n[hfBX
NƍĂƂł܂ -
find / -path /proc -prune -o -path /new-disk -prune -o -xtype f -exec cmp {} /new-disk{} \; 
                                                                                            

( 1 sŋLqĂ)

Slackware ̏ꍇ. ŏ̃t@C܂ Slackware ̊{CXg[
("A" V[Y)ł cmp ͊܂܂ėȂ̂ł̃R}h͎sł
܂B "AP1" V[Yɂ͓Ă܂B

̃R}h͕ʂ̃t@Cƍ܂B /dev fBNgɂ
ȃLN^foCXt@CubNfoCXt@CA\Pbg
ǂ cmp R}hł͓K؂ȃ`FbN͂ł܂B̂悤""ȃt@
Č@ɂĂȂɂ΋ĂB


8. /new-disk/etc/fstab ̏C

V HD  HD ƃp[eBV\قȂĂƂ͐V HD
 /new-disk/etc/fstab ɍ悤ɏC܂B

 HD OĂ܂ƂɃfBXÑp[eBV̋Lq
(fstab  1 )V HD ̍\ƈvĂ邩A܂ 2 ڂɋLq
Ă / fBNgɃp[eBV 1 }Eg邾
ƂmFĂB

/etc/fstab t@C̏ɂĂ Linux System Administrator's Guide
̃ZNV 4 Mounting and unmounting ̍QƂĂB

Xbvp[eBV͎̂悤ɂ܂ -
/dev/hda1   swap    swap    defaults    0  0                           
                                                                       


9. V HD N LILO ̏

                                                                       
                                    (̏͂Ɋւ Rick Masters ̏
                                    Ɋӂ܂)                      

LILO ̓n[hfBXÑ}X^[u[gR[h (MBR) ɃCXg[
̂Ƃ܂BꂪłʓIȐݒłB 2 ڂ 1
ڂɂȂn[hfBXN LILO CXg[܂B

/new-disk/etc/lilo.conf ̂悤ɕҏW܂ -
disk=/dev/hdb bios=0x80       # 2 ڂ̃n[hfBXN 1 ڂ̃n[hfBXN 
                              # ƂĎ舵悤 LILO ɎwB            
                              # (BIOS ID 0x80).                                 
boot=/dev/hdb                 # 2 ߂̃n[hfBXN LILO                 
                              # CXg[B                              
map=/new-disk/boot/map        # }bvt@C̏ꏊ                            
install=/new-disk/boot/boot.b # ̃t@C(LILO u[gR[h)         
                              # u[gZN^փRs[B                      
prompt                        # "LILO boot:"vvg̕\                    
                              #                                                 
timeout=50                    # ftHg T bɋNB              
                              # (Pʂ 1/10 b)                                
                              #                                                 
image=/new-disk/boot/vmlinuz  # Linux J[l̏ꏊB                    
                              # ۂ̖͎̂̂悤Ƀo[Wio[      
                              # ĂB                                    
                              # "vmlinuz-2.0.35"                                
    label=linux               # NVXeʂ郉x                
    root=/dev/hda1            # V HD ̃[gp[eBV̏ꏊ          
                              # ̓n[hfBXNւ            
                              # VXeɍ悤ɏCB                  
                              # ꌳ HD ͎Ô                
                              # ւ̂̃n[hfBXN̏ꏊ          
                              # w肷B                                      
    read-only                 # ǂݏopł܂}Egt@CVXe  
                              # `FbNB                                

Slackware ̏ꍇ. image=/new-disk/vmlinuz Ƃ܂B

 SCSI fBXNgĂȂ initrd 邩m܂B
/etc/lilo.conf 𒲂ׂĂ݂ĂB

V HD LILO CXg[܂ -
/sbin/lilo -C /new-disk/etc/lilo.conf                                  

-C IvV͂ǂ̐ݒt@Cg LILO Ɏw肵܂B


10. u[gfBXN̍쐬(IvV)

V HD ŋNȂꍇɔău[gfBXNĂƂł
܂B

ȂɂĂȂtbs[fBXN}AtH[}bgāAt@C
VXe쐬A}Eg܂ -
fdformat /dev/fd0H1440                                                 
mkfs.ext2 /dev/fd0                                                     
mount -t ext2 /dev/fd0 /mnt                                            

Debian ̏ꍇ. Debian 2.x ł /dev/fd0H1440 ̂ /dev/fd0u1440
A Debian 1.x ł͏ h ɂ /dev/fd0h1440 g܂B

Debian ̏ꍇ. Debian 2.x ł fdformat ̂ superformat g
B̃G[o܂ĂB mformat: command not
found. Debian 1.x ł fdformat ȂƂtbs[łɃtH[}
bgĂȂ炻Ȃ܂B̏ꍇ mkfs.ext2 R}ȟ
-c IvVĈُubN`FbNĂ܂B

Slackware ̏ꍇ. /dev/fd0H1440 ̂ /dev/fd0u1440 g܂B
o[Wł͏ h ɂ /dev/fd0h1440 ĂB

SuSE ̏ꍇ. /dev/fd0H1440 ̂ /dev/fd0u1440 g܂B

/boot ɂt@Cׂătbs[fBXNɃRs[܂ -
cp -dp /boot/* /mnt                                                    

Red Hat ̏ꍇ. /boot  vmlinux  vmlinuz ̗̃t@C(Ō̕
Ⴂ܂)Ƃ vmlinuz ̕Rs[܂B͈k
Ă邾 vmlinux ƓłB

Slackware ̏ꍇ. ̃R}hg /vmlinuz u[gfBXNɃRs
[܂ - cp /vmlinuz /mnt

/mnt/lilo.conf ȉ̂悤ɕҏW܂B
boot=/dev/fd0                 # tbs[fBXN LILO CXg[B     
map=/mnt/map                  # }bvt@C̏ꏊ                               
install=/mnt/boot.b           # ̃t@C(LILO u[gR[h)            
                              # tbs[fBXÑu[gZN^փRs[B     
prompt                        # "LILO boot:"vvg̕\                       
                              #                                                    
timeout=50                    # ftHg T bɋNB                 
                              # (Pʂ 1/10 b)                                   
                              #                                                    
image=/mnt/vmlinuz            # tbs[fBXNLinux J[l̏ꏊB 
                              # ۂ̖͎̂̂悤Ƀo[Wio[         
                              # ĂB                                       
                              # "vmlinuz-2.0.35"                                   
    label=linux               # NVXeʂ郉x                   
    root=/dev/hda1            # V HD ̃[gp[eBV̏ꏊ             
                              # ̓n[hfBXNւ               
                              # VXeɍ悤ɏCB                     
                              # ꌳ HD ͎O܂̂                 
                              # ւ̂̃n[hfBXN̏ꏊ             
                              # w肵܂B                                       
    read-only                 # ǂݏopł܂}Egt@CVXe     
                              # `FbNB                                   

u[gfBXN LILO CXg[܂ -
/sbin/lilo -C /mnt/lilo.conf                                           

-C IvV͂ǂ̐ݒt@Cg LILO Ɏw肵܂B

tbs[fBXNA}Eg܂ -
umount /mnt                                                            


11.  HD ̎O

VXeVbg_EČ HD O܂Bn[hfBXÑW
p BIOS Vɂ킹ĕύX̂YȂ悤ɂĂ
B


12. VXe̍ċN LILO ݒt@C̏C

VXeċN܂BȂɂ肪NقǍu[gfB
XNgp܂B̂Ƃ BIOS ̋N A:A C: ɕύXKv
邩m܂B

ēx LILO(/sbin/lilo) s鎞̂߂ /etc/lilo.conf CĂ
܂Bǂ̂悤ɂ邩̈ł -
boot=/dev/hda                 # 1 ڂ̃n[hfBXN LILO CXg[B 
                              #                                                    
map=/boot/map                 # }bvt@C̏ꏊ                               
install=/boot/boot.b          # ̃t@C(LILO u[gR[h)            
                              # u[gZN^փRs[B                         
prompt                        # "LILO boot:"vvg̕\                       
                              #                                                    
timeout=50                    # ftHg T bɋNB                 
                              # (Pʂ 1/10 b)                                   
                              #                                                    
image=/boot/vmlinuz           # Linux J[l̏ꏊB                       
                              # ۂ̖͎̂̂悤Ƀo[Wio[         
                              # ĂB                                       
                              # "vmlinuz-2.0.35"                                   
    label=linux               # NVXeʂ郉x                   
    root=/dev/hda1            # V HD ̃[gp[eBV̏ꏊ             
                              # ͐VVXeɍ悤ɏCB         
                              #                                                    
    read-only                 # ǂݏopł܂}Egt@CVXe     
                              # `FbNB                                   

Slackware ̏ꍇ. image=/vmlinuz g܂B


13. ӎ

ȉ̕XɊӂ܂B Scott ChristensenA Frank DamgaardA
Alexandre FornielesA David FullertonA Igor FurlanA Jerry GainesA
Chris GillespieA Nicola GirardiAPer Gunnar HansoeA Richard HawesA
Ralph HeimuellerA Gerald HermantA Andy HeynderickxA Paul KoningA
Hannu LiljemarkA Claes MaanssonA Rick MastersAJason PriebeA Josh
RabinowitzA Douglas RhodesA Valentijn SessinkA Kragen SitakerA
Stephen ThomasA Gerald Willman

̕|󂷂l͂̃Rs[ Konrad Hinsen <
hinsen@cnrs-orleans.fr> ɑĂB


14. {ɂ

|ɂ𒸂̕XɊӂ܂ - LAUT
i

{ Linux Japanese FAQ Project 쐬܂B|Ɋւ邲
 JF vWFNg <JF@linux.or.jp> ́A <
nagaoka@jttk.zaq.ne.jp> ɘAĂB (|N 25 February
2001, v2.11)

Notes

[1]   Aptiva fłȂ̂ǂ͂킩܂B            
